CROPPING SEASONS IN INDIA

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RABI,KHARIF AND ZAID CROPPING SEASONS

TABLE OF CROPS

Here is a list of major crops and their details as mentioned in the NCERT book.Strictly NCERT book has been used.There is no dearth of information on this topic, but this much is more than sufficient for students appearing in their board exams.Don't be misled by too much of information given everywhere.

     

S.NO	NAME OF CROP	TYPE	CLIMATE	AREAS	KEY FEATURES
1	RICE	KHARIF	25 DEGREES HIGH HUMIDITY, RAINFALL > 100 CM	PLAINS OF NORTH AND NORTH EAST , COASTAL AND DELTA REGIONS	INDIA IS SECOND LARGEST PRODUCER AFTER CHINA
2	WHEAT	RABI	COOL GROWING SEASON, BRIGHT SUNSHINE AT THE TIME OF RIPENING ,RAINFALL 50-55 CM	GANGA SATLUJ PLAINS, BLACK SOIL AREAS OF DECCAN, PUNJAB, HARYANA, UP, BIHAR , MADHYA PRADESH
3	MILLETS	JOWAR	JOWAR-- GROWN IN RAIN FED AREAS	MAHARASHTAR ,KARNATAK ,ANDHRA PRADESH, MADHYA PRADESH	THIRD IMPORTANT FOOD CROP WITH REPECT TO AREA OF PRODUCTION
		BAJRA	BAJRA --IN SANDY AND  SHALLOW BLACK SOIL	RAJASTHAN, UTTAR PRADESH, MAHARASHTRA, GUJARAT, HARYANA
		RAGI	RAGI -- DRY REGIONS IN RED ,BLACK,SANDY, LOAMY AND BLACK SOIL	KARNATAKA, TAMIL NADU,  UTTARA KHAND, JAMMU KASHMIR, ANDHRA PRADESH AND SIKKIM
4	MAIZE	KHARIF	20-25DEGREE ,ALLUVIAL SOIL	BIHAR(RABI), KARNATAKA, UTTAR PRADESH, ANDHRA PRADESH TELENGANA, MADHYA PRADESH	USED AS FODDER CROP
5	PULSES	TOOR, URAD, MOONG, MASOOR, PEAS AND GRAM	NEED LESS MOISTURE AS CAN SURVIVE IN DRY CONDITIONS	MADHYA PRADESH, MAHARASHTRA, RAJASTHAN, KARNATAK	LARGEST PRODUCER AND CONSUMER OF PULSES
6	SUGARCANE	TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL CROP	HOT AND HUMID CLIMATE ,TEMPERATURE (21 DEGREE TO 27 DEGREE) ,RAINFALL 75-100 CM	UTTAR PRADESH, TAMIL NADU, ANDHRA PRADESH, BIHAR,  MAHARASHTRA, KARNATAKA,  PUNJAB, HARYANA	SECOND LARGEST PRODUCER AFTER BRAZIL
7	OILSEEDS	A)    GROUND NUT – KHARIF CROP	COVERS APPROX 12% OF TOTAL CROPPED AREA	ANDHRA PRADESH, TELENGANA,  TAMIL NADU, MAHARASHTRA, KARNATAKA,  GUJARAT	USED BOTH AS EATING,COOKING MEDIUMS
		B)     SESAMUM KHARIF(NORTH) RABI(SOUTH)
		C)CASTOR SEEDS –KHARIF AND RABI		OTHER EXAMPLES SOYABEAN,  LINSEED , SUNFLOWER ETC	RAW MATERIALS FOR SAOPS,COSMETICS
8	TEA	PLANTATION CROP, SUBTROPICAL AND TROPICAL	WARM ,FROST FREE ,DEEP WELL DRAINED SOIL,RICH IN HUMUS FREQUENT SHOWERS ALL OVER THE YEAR	ASSAM, TAMIL NADU, KERALA,  DARJEELING,  WEST BENGAL	LABOUR INTENSIVE PROCESSING WITHIN TEA GARDENS THIRD LARGEST PRODUCER
9	COFFEE	PLANTATION CROP ARABICA VARIETY TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL	WARM ,FROST FREE DEEP WELL DRAINED SOIL ,RICH IN HUMUS	KARNATAK, KERALA, TAMIL NADU	LABOUR INTENSIVE INTRODUCED BY YEMEN 3.2%
10	RUBBER	EQUATORIAL CROP TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL	MOIST HUMID CLIMATE TEMPERATURE (> 25 DEGREE) RAINFALL (>200 CM )	KERALA,  KARNATAKA, TAMIL NADU,  GARO HILLS ,ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS	CHEAP SKILLED LABOUR INDIA RANKED 4TH IN THE WORLD
11	COTTON	KHARIF CROP	NEEDS 6 TO 8 MONTHS TO MATURE BLACK SOIL OF DECCAN PLATEAU HIGH TEMPERATURE ,HIGH RAINFALL, 210 FROST FREE DAYS, BRIGHT SUNSHINE DURING HARVESTING	MAHARASHTRA, GUJARAT,  MADHYA PRADESH, ANDHRA PRADESH, TAMIL NADU, KARNATAK,  UTTAR PRADESH, PUNAJB ,HARYANA
12	JUTE	KHARIF CROP—GOLDEN  FIBRE	HIGH TEMPERATURE DURING GROWTH HEAVY RANFALL (> 200 CM) WELL DRAINED SOIL	WEST BEGAL BIHAR BIHAR ORISSA ASSAM MEGHALAYA	USED FOR GUNNY BAGS, ROPES,ROPES, MATS, YARN AND CARPETS FACING COMPETITION FROM SYNTHETIC FIBRE
13	HORTICULTURE CROPS	INDIA IS A PRODUCER OF TROPICAL AS WELL AS TEMPERATE FRUITS	IT IS ALSO AN IMPORTANT PRODUCER OF PEA, CAULIFLOWER,ONION, CABBAGE, TOMATO AND POTATO	MAHARASHTRA ANDHRA PRADESH WEST BENGAL NAGPUR CHERRAPUNJEE KERALA MIZORAM MEGHALAYA JAMMU AND KASHMIR HIMACHAL PRADESH	IN 2008 INDIA WAS THE SECOND LARGEST PRODUCER OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES IN THE WORLD AFETR CHINA.INDIA PRODUCES 13% OF THE WORLDS VEGETABLES
14	FIBRE CROPS	COTTON, JUTE, HEMPAND NATURAL SILK ARE 4 MAJOR CROPS GROWN IN THE WORLD	COTTON,JUTE AND HEMP ARE DERIVED FROM THE CROPS GROWN IN SOIL	NATURAL SILK IS OBTAINED COCOONS OF THE SILKWORMS FED ON MULBERRY LEAVES